Atomization is the critical step that determines particle formation and final powder quality in spray drying. Droplet size, distribution, and velocity influence drying kinetics, residence time, morpho…

Spray drying heat-sensitive and functionally critical materials requires more than selecting conservative temperatures. Product stability depends on understanding feed properties, atomization behavior…

Spray drying low glass transition temperature (Tg) materials presents significant operational challenges due to particle stickiness and wall deposition. When particle surface temperature exceeds Tg at…